How far in advance to get travel vaccinations
Vaccines can take a few weeks to start working, so make sure you make time before your trip to visit a travel clinic or schedule a doctor appointment to get health advice for the countries you plan to visit.
The NHS recommends seeing a GP or a visiting a travel clinic at least 8 weeks before you’re due to travel. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “anyone 9 months or older who travels to areas where yellow fever vaccine is recommended should be vaccinated against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel.”
It’s also important to ensure you’re up-to-date on routine vaccinations. You can also research online and visit the CDC Travel Health website, which gives travel health information and advice for travellers. Depending on where you’re going, some vaccines may be recommended to protect you in areas of risk for certain illnesses, while others are required, such as yellow fever.
En muchos países se requiere que posea un certificado de que está vacunado contra la fiebre amarilla antes de dejarle entrar.
Algunas enfermedades evitables mediante vacunas para viajeros:
- Diphtheria – Babies are usually vaccinated against this in the UK.
- Hepatitis A – This vaccine is only recommended for people at an increased risk.
- Hepatitis B – A vaccine for this is routinely available for all babies born in the UK.
- Influenza – There are a number of vaccines available for influenza.
- Typhoid fever – In the UK, two vaccines are available for this.
- Yellow Fever – In the UK, the yellow fever vaccine are only available from registered centres.
- Meningococcal disease – A number of vaccines are available for this. More details can be found here.
- Rabies – The rabies vaccine should be considered if you are travelling to a part of the world where the disease is common.
- Japanese encephalitis – This vaccine is usually only available privately.
- Tetanus – The tetanus vaccine requires 5 injections in total.
- Poliomyelitis – The polio vaccine is given by injection in a number of separate doses.
- Measles, mumps, rubella and varicella – The MMRV vaccine is available for this and considered to be very safe.
Consideraciones especiales
Hay varias cosas a tener en cuenta a la hora de planificar las vacunas para su viaje, entre las que se incluyen:
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What vaccines do I need before I travel?
Algunas enfermedades son más comunes en ciertas partes del mundo. El país (o los países) que vaya a visitar es un factor clave a la hora de determinar qué vacunas se recomiendan o se requieren para su viaje.
For example, in Asia, it is highly recommended to get vaccinations such as:
- Measles
- Mumps
- Rubella
- Polio
- Tétanos
- Hepatitis A
- Typhoid
Cuándo y cuánto tiempo va a quedarse
Algunas enfermedades son más comunes en determinadas épocas del año; por ejemplo, durante la temporada de lluvias. Y, cuanto más tiempo vaya a quedarse, mayor es el riesgo de estar expuesto a las enfermedades.
Where you're staying and what you'll be doing
Un viaje de negocios en el que se pasa la mayor parte del tiempo en un hotel es muy distinto a un viaje en el que pasa tiempo fuera. Por lo general, las zonas rurales implican un mayor riesgo, y es posible que entre en contacto con más enfermedades si trabaja como cooperante o si está en contacto con animales. When planning your next holiday abroad, be sure to check what vaccinations are required for your journey.
When it comes to preventing getting ill on holidays, we recommend the following action points:
- Prevent insect bites- wear permethrin-threated clothing and gear, stay and sleep in air conditioned or screened rooms.
- Keep away from animals- do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
Su edad y estado de salud
Las vacunas no son adecuadas para todo el mundo. Las mujeres embarazadas, los bebés y las personas que hayan tenido reacciones graves a las vacunas en el pasado son casos especiales que requieren consideración. Es importante consultar a un médico o en una clínica para saber qué vacunación es la adecuada para cada uno.
What else to pack to avoid diseases
Aparte de las vacunas, puede elaborar una lista de artículos relacionados con la salud para su viaje. Depending on where you’re going, your healthy packing could include:
- insect repellent products or supplies
- medicines that may be difficult to find at your destination
- Sunburn treatment
- plasters
Seguir leyendo
As exciting as it is to move to or visit a new country, remember there are healthy precautions to consider before travelling. Check out our tips on how to stay healthy abroad.
Fuentes
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/travel-vaccinations/
https://www.cdc.gov/features/yellow-fever-vaccine/index.html
